Kdo si vzal Joanna I of Naples?

Joanna I, also known as Johanna I (Italian: Giovanna I; December 1325 – 27 July 1382), was Queen of Naples, and Countess of Provence and Forcalquier from 1343 to 1381; she was also Princess of Achaea from 1373 to 1381.

Joanna was the eldest daughter of Charles, Duke of Calabria and Marie of Valois to survive infancy. Her father was the son of Robert the Wise, King of Naples, but he died before his father in 1328. Three years later, King Robert appointed Joanna as his heir and ordered his vassals to swear fealty to her. To strengthen Joanna's position, he concluded an agreement with his nephew, King Charles I of Hungary, about the marriage of Charles's younger son, Andrew, and Joanna. Charles I also wanted to secure his uncle's inheritance to Andrew, but King Robert named Joanna as his sole heir on his deathbed in 1343. He also appointed a regency council to govern his realms until Joanna's 21st birthday, but the regents could not actually take control of state administration after the King's death.

Joanna's personal life crucially affected the political stability of the Kingdom of Naples (murder of her first husband Andrew in 1345, the invasions of King Louis I of Hungary—justified as avenging the death of his brother—and her three later marriages with Louis of Taranto, James IV, titular King of Majorca and Otto, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen) and undermined her position with the Holy See; moreover afterwards, during the Western Schism, she chose to support the Avignon Papacy against Pope Urban VI, who in retaliation declared her a heretic and usurper on 11 May 1380.

With all her children having predeceased her, Joanna's heirs were the descendants of her only surviving sister Maria, whose first marriage with their cousin Charles, Duke of Durazzo was performed without her permission, becoming both spouses in the heads of the political faction against Joanna. Trying to reconcile with the Durazzo branch and with the purpose of securing her succession, Joanna arranged the marriage of her niece Margaret of Durazzo with her first cousin (and Joanna's second cousin) Charles of Durazzo, who eventually captured and imprisoned Joanna, and finally ordered her assassination on 27 July 1382.

Andrew, Duke of Calabria (30 October 1327 – 18 September 1345) was the first husband of Joanna I of Naples, and a son of Charles I of Hungary and brother of Louis I of Hungary.

Louis I (Italian: Luigi, Aloisio, or Ludovico ; 1320 – 26 May 1362), also known as Louis of Taranto, was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou who reigned as King of Naples, Count of Provence and Forcalquier, and Prince of Taranto.

Louis gained the crown of Naples by marrying his half-first cousin/ first cousin-once-removed, Queen Joanna I, whose prior husband, Andrew, had died as a result of a conspiracy that may have involved both of them. Immediately after securing his status as her co-ruler, Louis successfully wrested away all power from his wife, leaving her a sovereign in name only. Their disastrous marriage resulted in the birth of two daughters, Catherine and Frances, neither of whom survived their parents. During their joint reign, Louis dealt with numerous uprisings, attacks, and unsuccessful military operations; he is generally considered an inefficient monarch. Following his death, Joanna resumed her power and refused to share it with her subsequent husbands.

Jakob IV. von Mallorca (katalanisch: Jaume IV de Mallorca; * 24. August 1336; † Februar 1375 in Soria), war ein Titularkönig von Mallorca aus dem Haus Barcelona.

Jakob IV. war der einzige Sohn König Jakobs III. von Mallorca und dessen Ehefrau Konstanze von Aragón, einer Tochter König Alfons IV. von Aragón. Jakobs Vater wurde 1344 von seinen aragonesischen Vettern von Mallorca vertrieben, die das Königreich mit der Krone Aragóns vereinten. In der Schlacht bei Llucmayor 1349 versuchte der Vater das Königreich zurückzuerobern, fiel aber dabei und Jakob geriet zusammen mit seiner Mutter und Schwester in die Gefangenschaft Aragóns, die er zuerst in Jativa und anschließend in Barcelona verbrachte. Dabei soll er ihm eine äußerst unwürdige Behandlung widerfahren sein, die ihn charakterlich verrohen ließen. 1362 gelang ihm die Flucht. Er heiratete auf Vermittlung Papst Urbans V. die neapolitanische Königin Johanna I. von Anjou. Mit seiner Ehefrau und deren Verwandtschaft lag er aber hauptsächlich im Streit und führte ein rastloses Söldnerleben. Im kastilischen Erbfolgekrieg kämpfte er 1367 in der Schlacht von Nájera auf der Seite des schwarzen Prinzen gegen Bertrand du Guesclin. Bald darauf wurde er aber von Heinrich von Trastamara gefangen genommen, der ihn an Du Guesclin auslieferte. Bis 1370 wurde Jakob von diesem in Montpellier gefangen gehalten. Zusammen mit Herzog Ludwig I. von Anjou führte er 1374 ein Söldnerheer gegen Aragón, wurde aber bei Sant Cugat del Vallès geschlagen. Wenig später starb Jakob im kastilischen Exil in Soria, wo er in der Kirche San Francisco auch bestattet wurde.

Da er mit seiner Frau keine Kinder hatte, gingen seine Ansprüche auf Mallorca auf seine Schwester Isabella über, die mit dem Markgrafen von Montferrat verheiratet war. Isabella verkaufte ihre Rechte 1378 weiter an Herzog Ludwig I. von Anjou, der wenig später von Jakobs Witwe adoptiert wurde.

Othon IV, duc de Brunswick-Grubenhagen (vers 1320 † mars ou avril 1399), prince de Tarente par son mariage avec la reine Jeanne I^re de Naples, était un prince cadet de la maison de Brunswick, issue de la dynastie des Welfs, elle-même issue de la maison d'Este.